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01

1970-01

TC4 titanium rod common processing standards and technical requirements

Titanium is a metallic element, gray, with atomic number 22 and relative atomic mass 47.867. Can burn in nitrogen, high melting point. Passive titanium and titanium-based alloys are new structural materials, mainly used in the aerospace industry and the marine industry. Because titanium has the characteristics of high melting point, small specific gravity, high specific strength, good toughness, fatigue resistance, acid and alkali corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, good high and low temperature tolerance, and low stress under rapid cooling and rapid heating conditions, its commercial value is in In the 1950s, it was recognized by people and used in high-tech fields such as aviation and aerospace. And continue to promote to chemical, petroleum, electric power, desalination, construction, daily necessities and other industries.Titanium rods and forgingsProduct parametersGrade:International grade: TA1、TA2、TA3、TA7、TA9、TA10、TC4、TC4ELI、TC6、TC9、TC10、TC11American grade: GR1、GR2、GR3、GR5、GR7、GR12Process:Hot forging - Hot Rolling - Turning (polishing)Titanium rodsImplementation standard:National standard: GB/2965-2007, GB/T13810, Q/BS5331-91American Standard: ASTM B348, ASTM F136, ASTM F67, AMS4928Specifications: (diameter*length/mm):8mm-250mm*LSupply state: hot working state, annealing stateReference Standard:1. GB 228 Metal Tensile Test Method2. GB/T 3620.1 Titanium and Titanium Alloy Rod Grades and Chemical Composition3. GB/T3620.2 Chemical composition and composition tolerance of processed products of titanium and titanium alloy bars4. GB 4698 Sponge Titanium, Chemical Analysis Methods of Titanium and Titanium Alloys TC4 Titanium Alloy RodTechnical requirements:1. The chemical composition of titanium and titanium alloy rods shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 3620.1. When repeated tests are required, the allowable deviation of the chemical composition shall comply with the provisions of GB/T 3620.2.2. The diameter or side length of the hot-worked bar and its allowable deviation shall comply with the provisions of Table 1.3. After hot processing, the bar is turned (ground) and cold-rolled, and the allowable deviation of the diameter of the cold-drawn bar should meet the industry regulations.4. The out-of-roundness of the bar that has been turned (ground) after hot processing should not be greater than half of its dimensional tolerance.5. The indefinite length of the processed bar is 300-6000mm, and the indefinite length of the annealed bar is 300-2000mm. The fixed or double length should be within the range of the indefinite length. The allowable deviation of the fixed length is +20mm ; The length of the double ruler should also be included in the incision amount of the bar, and the amount of each incision is 5mm. The length of the fixed length or the double ruler should be indicated in the contract.Titanium plate application:Aerospace, aviation, navigation, ships, desalination, petroleum, chemical industry, mechanical equipment, nuclear power equipment, power equipment, automobile and motorcycle parts, sports and leisure, medical parts, steel and metallurgy, high-tech fields.

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01

1970-01

TZM alloy

The common preparation methods of TZM alloy (molybdenum zirconium titanium alloy) are: arc melting-casting method and powder metallurgy technology. The arc melting-casting method of TZM alloy rod is to melt pure molybdenum with electric arc, add a certain amount of alloying elements such as Ti and Zr by weight percentage, and then obtain TZM alloy (molybdenum zirconium titanium alloy) by conventional casting method; powder metallurgy has unique characteristics. chemical composition and mechanical and physical properties that cannot be obtained by traditional casting methods. The high-purity molybdenum powder is uniformly mixed with TiH2 powder, ZrH2 powder and graphite powder in proportion, and then formed by cold isostatic pressing, and then sintered at high temperature in a protective atmosphere to obtain a TZM billet. The billet is then subjected to high temperature hot rolling (high temperature forging), high temperature annealing, medium temperature hot rolling (medium temperature forging), medium temperature annealing to eliminate stress, and then warm rolling (warm forging) to obtain TZM finished material. The rolling (forging) process of the billet and the subsequent heat treatment have a great influence on the properties, anisotropy and texture of the material. The use of powder metallurgy can save large equipment such as vacuum consumable electric arc furnaces, large extruders, forging hammers, and corresponding high-temperature heating furnaces, simplify the process, shorten the production cycle, reduce energy consumption, and double the production capacity and yield. , so the cost is greatly reduced.

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01

1970-01

Zirconium and its application

Since ancient times, zirconium has been regarded as a precious stone because of its colorful colors and plays a decorative role in human life. With the deepening of people's understanding of zirconium, the application of zirconium has become more and more extensive. Perhaps most people are relatively unfamiliar with zirconium, but it has penetrated into all aspects of our lives. For example, various buildings around, ceramics, knives, decorations, etc. that are indispensable in life, and even the military and nuclear power fields are also indispensable for zirconium.There are many kinds of zirconium products and various forms. The initial mineral form is zircon sand. After caustic soda, water washing, etc., primary products such as zirconium silicate and zirconium oxychloride can be produced. Zirconia, industrial-grade zirconium sponge and other products; if the level of purification and separation technology reaches a certain level, it can be made into nuclear-grade zirconium sponge.Zirconium has a wide range of applications, mainly in the form of zirconium silicate and zirconium oxide in ceramics, refractories and other fields. Only 3%-4% of zirconium ore is processed into metal zirconium (or sponge zirconium), which is further processed into various zirconium materials. Due to the small thermal neutron absorption cross section of metal zirconium, metal zirconium has excellent nuclear properties. Shell etc. Nuclear grade zirconium can be regarded as an important strategic metal for the country and is closely related to the development of the nuclear industry. As an active metal, zirconium forms an oxide film at room temperature. This oxide film makes zirconium and its alloys have excellent corrosion resistance. At the same time, zirconium has good mechanical and heat transfer properties, coupled with significant cost advantages, making it an excellent corrosion-resistant structural material in today's petrochemical industry. Zirconium used in chemical acid and alkali resistant equipment, military industry and electronics industry is called industrial grade zirconium. In terms of ease of processing, technological level and technological content, zirconium metal and its alloy products are at the top of the industrial chain. Zirconia Structural CeramicsMade from composite zirconia, including zirconia grinding media and zirconia structural parts, zirconia structural parts mainly include zirconia special ceramic valves, optical fiber connectors, ceramic knives, watch accessories, ceramic push scissors Sheets, textile porcelain, etc.Nuclear grade zirconiumIt is mainly used as a structural material for nuclear powered aircraft carriers, nuclear submarines and civilian power generation reactors, as cladding of uranium fuel elements, etc., and is an important strategic metal.Industrial grade zirconiumIndustrial grade zirconium is mainly used to make chemical acid and alkali resistant equipment, military industry, electronic industry, pipeline valve material, special high-strength and high-temperature alloy material, electric vacuum and getter for lighting bulb industry.Firearms Grade ZirconiumIt is used as a firearm sponge zirconium burner, as well as alloy additives and metallurgical deoxidizers, chemical industry, civil flash fireworks, etc.Global zirconium consumption areaAt present, China and Europe are the main consumer markets for zirconium, and China's demand for zirconium accounts for as high as 52%. China's nuclear power has entered a stage of rapid development, which has led to the demand for nuclear-grade zirconium. At the same time, China is a major producer and exporter of the world's ceramic industry, and zirconium silicate is the direct and main raw material for the ceramic industry. With the rapid development of China's ceramic industry in recent years, the demand for zirconium has also soared.

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01

1970-01

The existence value of molybdenum plate in molybdenum products industry

Molybdenum is a rare metal element, and molybdenum plate is widely used because it has many characteristics, such as high strength, low thermal expansion coefficient, excellent thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity, and has a good effect on molten glass, molten salt and molten metal. Higher corrosion resistance can also improve the wear resistance of thin coatings. The following small series will introduce the characteristics of molybdenum plate to you.The sustainable development of molybdenum plate in the industry is inseparable from its own advantages.1. The molybdenum plate has good corrosiveness, and a dense and firm protective film is naturally produced on the surface, which can well protect the substrate from corrosion.2. Through artificial anodizing and coloring, cast aluminum alloys with good casting properties or deformed aluminum alloys with good processing plasticity can be obtained.3. The strength of molybdenum plate is high. After a certain degree of cold working, the strength of the matrix can be strengthened. Some grades of molybdenum plate can also be strengthened by heat treatment.4. Molybdenum plate also has the advantages of good electrical conductivity, low density and easy processing.

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01

1970-01

Processing method and application of molybdenum draft tube

The introduction of molybdenum draft tube into single crystal furnace is an important improvement. After using the molybdenum draft tube, the argon in the upper part of the single crystal furnace becomes smooth, the argon flow accelerates, and the deposition of silicon oxide on the single crystal furnace is greatly reduced. Because of the temperature protection of molybdenum draft tube, the heating time is reduced, the crystallization time is shortened by nearly 35%, and the occurrence rate of crystal dislocation is also reduced. Therefore, the application of molybdenum draft tube reduces energy consumption and improves production efficiency. The shape of molybdenum draft tube is a large upper opening and a small trumpet-shaped lower opening. The upper opening has a variety of styles due to different single crystal furnace manufacturers, and its specifications include 16 inch, 18 inch, 22 inch, etc. Generally, 0.8-2.0mm high-temperature molybdenum plate is used to produce and process molybdenum draft tube, and the plate is cut into sectors according to the size of the drawing, heated and rolled into a horn shape, riveted or welded, and finally corrected. In order to save costs, molybdenum sheet splicing processing is also used to produce molybdenum draft tube. There are many rivets, which will affect the service life. The finished molybdenum draft tube has a smooth surface, the upper and lower diameters are concentric, and the size is accurate. It can closely fit with the graphite guide cylinder. The unit weight of the finished product is 3-10 kg.

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01

1970-01

Molybdenum and its application

The properties of molybdenum are close to tungsten, its melting point is about 2610℃, and it has high strength at high temperature. Above 1000°C, the specific strength of molybdenum is the highest, so it is a very useful high-temperature structural material. The high temperature conductivity of molybdenum is better than that of iron and nickel, and the coefficient of expansion is about 30% of that of copper, which is almost the same as that of special glass used in electronic tubes.Molybdenum has good corrosion resistance, and its acidity is second only to tungsten. In the metallurgical industry, molybdenum is an important additive: adding molybdenum can improve the heat resistance, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, toughness and hardenability of the alloy, so it is a very useful element in the alloy. Due to its high melting point, good conductivity and thermal conductivity, molybdenum can be used as the heating body and heat reflection material in high temperature furnace. The working temperature of electric furnace using molybdenum as heating element can reach 1700 ℃. In the electronic and electrical industry, Molybdenum material can be used to make cathode, grid, high voltage rectifier components, and filament support in incandescent lamps. Its wear-resistant, heat-resistant and corrosion-resistant properties make it often used in metal processing industry, and can be used as extrusion film, die-casting film and mold core. Molybdenum alloy has high temperature strength and specific strength. Under the protection of coating, it can be used to make parts such as nozzle and heat shield of rocket engine. Due to the small thermal neutron absorption cross-section, good stability to nuclear fuel and corrosion resistance to liquid metals, molybdenum and molybdenum alloys can be used as cladding materials and core structural materials for gas cooled reactors in the atomic energy industry. Molybdenum instead of platinum is used as electrode in glass industry, and it is also used as heating element and agitator for glass melting.Among the molybdenum compounds, two-fluidized molybdenum can be used as a solid lubricant, and its performance is better than that of graphite, and it can be used normally in the temperature range of -45~400℃. Trace amounts of molybdenum in the soil can stimulate plant growth. The application of trace molybdenum fertilizer can increase soybean yield by 10% to 15% and rice yield by 20% to 25%. Therefore molybdenum compounds are also used in the production of compound fertilizers.

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01

1970-01

The role of molybdenum products in iron and steel industry

Molybdenum is a metallic element commonly used as an additive in alloys and stainless steels. Molybdenum has the advantages of high melting point and boiling point, good high temperature strength, anti-friction and corrosion resistance, high thermal conductivity, small thermal expansion coefficient and good hardenability. It can enhance the strength, hardness, weld ability and toughness of the alloy, as well as its high temperature strength and corrosion resistance. Currently, molybdenum is widely used in aerospace, weapons, electronics, glass and other fields.The application of molybdenum products in the steel industry still occupies the most important position. As an alloying element of steel, molybdenum can improve the strength of steel, especially high temperature strength and toughness; improve the corrosion resistance of steel in acid-base solution and liquid metal; improve the wear resistance of steel and improve hardenability and weldability and heat resistance. Molybdenum-containing tool steels are twice as efficient as tungsten tools, providing excellent performance, low cost and light weight.The role of molybdenum products in gold steel, stainless steel, tool steel and other steels is as follows1. Reduce temper brittleness2. Anti-hydrogen embrittlement;3. Improve high temperature strength;4. Stress cracking resistance caused by sulfide;5. Reduce the cooling rate to an appropriate value to obtain a hard martensite structure, thus improving the strength, hardness and toughness of large-section members;6. Improve the corrosion resistance of stainless steel, especially against chloride pitting;7. Improve the welding performance of high-strength low-alloy steel Molybdenum is a metallic element commonly used as an additive in alloys and stainless steels. It can enhance the strength, hardness, weld ability and toughness of the alloy, as well as its high temperature strength and corrosion resistance. Rich molybdenum resources. Like tungsten, molybdenum is a refractory rare metal. The melting point of molybdenum is 2610°C. Due to the strong interatomic bonding force, its strength is very high at room temperature and high temperature. It has a small expansion coefficient, high electrical conductivity and good thermal conductivity. It does not react with hydrochloric acid, hydrofluoric acid and alkali solution at room temperature, but only dissolves in nitric acid, aqua regia or concentrated sulfuric acid. It is also quite stable for most liquid metals, non-metallic slag and molten glass. Therefore, molybdenum and its alloys have a wide range of applications and good prospects in important sectors such as metallurgy, agriculture, electrical, chemical, environmental protection and aerospace, and become an important raw material and irreplaceable strategic substance in the national economy.

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01

1970-01

How to deal with the surface defect reaction layer of titanium plate and titanium rod

The surface reaction layer of titanium plate and titanium rod is the main factor affecting the physical and chemical properties of titanium workpiece. Before processing, the surface pollution layer and defect layer must be completely removed.1. Sand blasting:  white corundum is generally used for sand blasting of titanium wire castings, and the pressure of sand blasting is smaller than that of non precious metals, which is generally controlled below 0.45MPa. Because when the spray pressure is too high, the sand particles impact the titanium surface to produce intense sparks, and the temperature rise can react with the titanium surface, resulting in secondary pollution and affecting the surface quality. The time is 15-30 seconds, and only the bonded sand, surface sintered layer and partial oxide layer on the casting surface can be removed. The rest of the surface reaction layer structure should be quickly removed by chemical pickling.2. Pickling: Pickling can quickly and completely remove the surface reaction layer, and the surface will not be polluted by other elements. Both HF-HCL series and HF-HNO3 series pickling liquids can be used for titanium pickling, but hf-hcl pickling solution has a large hydrogen absorption capacity, while hf-hno3 pickling solution has a small hydrogen absorption capacity, which can control the concentration of HNO3, reduce hydrogen absorption, and brighten the surface. Generally, the concentration of HF is about 3%-5%, and the concentration of HNO3 is about 15%-30%.3. Chemical polishing: During chemical polishing, the purpose of leveling and polishing is achieved through the oxidation-reduction reaction of metal in chemical medium. The advantage is that chemical polishing has nothing to do with the hardness of the metal, the polishing area and the structural shape, and all the parts in contact with the polishing liquid are polished, no special complicated equipment is required, the operation is simple, and it is more suitable for the polishing of titanium denture brackets with complex structures. However, the process parameters of chemical polishing are difficult to control, so it is required to have a good polishing effect on denture without affecting the accuracy of denture. The better titanium chemical polishing solution is HF and HNO3, which are prepared in a certain proportion. HF is a reducing agent, which can dissolve titanium metal and play a leveling role. The concentration is less than 10%. HNO3 plays an oxidizing role, prevents excessive dissolution and hydrogen absorption of titanium, and can produce a bright effect at the same time. Titanium polishing fluid requires high concentration, low temperature and short polishing time (1 ~ 2min).4. Electro polishing: Electro polishing is also known as electrochemical polishing or anodic dissolution polishing, due to the low conductivity and strong oxidation performance of titanium alloy tubes, it is almost impossible to polish titanium with aqueous acidic electrolytes such as hf-h3po4 and hf-h2so4. After the external voltage, the titanium anode is oxidized immediately, so that anodic dissolution cannot be carried out. However, using anhydrous chloride electrolyte under low voltage has a good polishing effect on titanium, and small specimens can get mirror polishing, but for complex restorations, the purpose of complete polishing cannot be achieved. Maybe changing the shape of cathode and adding cathode can solve this problem, which needs further research.

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01

1970-01

Advantages and safety performance of titanium standard parts connection technology

Developed in 1998, the technology for connecting titanium standard parts has rapidly replaced two traditional methods of connecting pipes: flange and welding. In China, the development of this technology is relatively late, but the relatively advanced technology makes the complex pipeline connection process simple and convenient, and will soon replace other domestic markets. Titanium standard component connection technology is one of the options for liquid and gas piping connection.Advantages of titanium standard parts connection:First of all, the connection of titanium standard parts are simple, so general operators can work through simple training. This is because we have integrated many complex technologies into our products in a factory way. It only takes a few minutes to connect the pipe fittings, which greatly simplifies the technical difficulty of on-site work, saves time, stabilizes the project quality, and improves work efficiency. This is also the general direction of equipment technology development.Secondly, because the titanium standard parts are products, the working space required on site is very small, and the corner equipment can be truly completed, which greatly reduces the difficulty of work, saves the floor space, and beautifies the role of plumbing equipment.Using titanium standard parts connection technology is conducive to construction safety. Only cutting off the boots, roll groover and buttons is need to move the hand, which is ready for convenient construction. However, the choice of welding and flange connections requires a mess of power cords, cutting tools, welders, oxygen and acetylene cylinders, etc. This can clutter the building layout and present a risk of water leaks and fires. Danger! Welding slag produced by welding and gas cutting inevitably falls into the pipeline, and even blocks the pipeline valves and equipment during operation, polluting the water quality of the pipeline. In addition, welding and flange connections inevitably require long-term high-intensity aerial work, which will cause safety accidents easily.As the main piping connection method, the connection of titanium standard components can be exposed and buried using rigid and flexible joints. Therefore, it has a wide range of applications.

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01

1970-01

Heat treatment method of titanium tube

The common heat treatment methods of titanium tubes are annealing, solid solution and aging treatment. Annealing is to eliminate internal stress, improve plasticity and organizational stability, and obtain better comprehensive properties. Usually, the annealing temperature of α alloy and (α+β) alloy is selected at 120-200℃ below the (α+β)-→β phase transformation point; solution and aging treatment is fast cooling from high temperature region to obtain martensite α′ phase and metastable. Then, these metastable phases are decomposed by heat preservation in the medium temperature zone, and finely dispersed second phase particles such as α phase or compounds are obtained to achieve the purpose of strengthening the alloy.The heat treatment process of titanium tube can be summarized as:(1) Solution treatment and aging: the purpose is to improve its strength. The α titanium tube and the stable β titanium tube cannot be subjected to strengthening heat treatment, and only annealing is carried out in production. α+β titanium tubes and metastable beta titanium tubes containing a small amount of α phase can be further strengthened by solution treatment and aging.(2) Complete annealing: the purpose is to obtain good toughness, improve processability, facilitate reprocessing and improve the stability of size and structure.(3) Stress relief annealing: the purpose is to eliminate or reduce the residual stress generated during processing and prevent chemical attack and reduce deformation in some corrosive environments.In addition, in order to meet the special requirements of the workpiece, industrial titanium tubes also use metal heat treatment technics such as double annealing, isothermal annealing, beta heat treatment, and deformation heat treatment.

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Copyright: Luoyang Mengchang Metal Materials Co., Ltd.  Record No.:Yu ICP No. 2022014492-1